Jahon adabiyoti apk kitoblar

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jahon adabiyoti

Адабий-бадиий, ижтимоий-публицистик журнал МУАССИСЛАР: ЎЗБЕКИСТОН ЁЗУВЧИЛАР УЮШМАСИ ЎЗБЕКИСТОН МАТБУОТ ВА АХБОРОТ АГЕНТЛИГИ РЕСПУБЛИКА МАЪНАВИЯТ ВА МАЪРИФАТ КЕНГАШИ 1997 йил июндан чиқа бошлаган № 11/210 2014 йил, ноябрь Жамоатчилик кенгаши: Эркин ВОҲИДОВ Абдулла ОРИПОВ Омонулла ЮНУСОВ Муҳаммад АЛИ Муҳаммаджон ҚУРОНОВ Қаҳрамон ҚУРОНБОЕВ Иброҳим ҒАФУРОВ Низом КОМИЛОВ Шуҳрат СИРОЖИДДИНОВ Муҳаммаджон ХОЛБЕКОВ Хуршид ДЎСТМУҲАММАД Таҳрир ҳайъати: Амир ФАЙЗУЛЛА Назира ЖЎРАЕВА Омонулла РИЗАЕВ Отабек САФАРОВ Шаҳноза НАЗАРОВА Фозил ЖАББОРОВ Дилдорхон АЛИЕВА Алимурод ТОЖИЕВ Алишер ОТАБОЕВ Севара АЛИЖОНОВА Бош муҳаррир: Шуҳрат РИЗАЕВ

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“One of the most striking examples of a national pedagogy in the Russian Empire had been the educational reform of the Muslim schools. The origin and development of Jadidism, as a reformist movement, is associated with the introduction of a New Method of training in elementary schools, the so-called usul-i jadid. It began with Ismail Gasprinskii’s initial launching of the first New Method School in 1884. This book describes and analyses the introduction of Gasprinskii’s New Method of schooling in Turkestan and the role he played in its implementation throughout the region. The beginnings of the New Method schools in Turkestan at the end of the 19th century had been primarily concerned with the advancement of the national intelligentsia and the activities of the Tatar intelligentsia and with the teachers who had come from inner Russia. Gasprinskii made exemplary the work of the Jadid reformists of Tashkent and Samarkand in the establishment of the New Method schools, in particular, by paving the auspicious way for its expansion, and further, by having assembled and published the school literature in the local languages. Gasprinskii carried countless negotiations with high-ranking officials of the Bukharan Administration on the issue of the New Method of schooling. None were constructive. Yet, he was at least gratified by his influence among the young Bukharan Jadids. They supported his cause and paved the way for reforms in schooling and inltellectual life. In the Khanate of Khiva, in contrast with the rest of Turkestan and Bukhara, the New Method was actively supported by the government high-ranking officials promoted its development and implementation. New Method schools still did not spread well due to the lack of local teachers and of local language textbooks. The Muslim nation, had fallen into decay and had gotten trampled “under the feet” of civilized nations, through the lack of modern knowledge. It was Gasprinskii’s vision, that the modern State could only resurrect and “be revived from the ashes just as a phoenix” with the aid of modern trades. He subjected the Khans of Turkestan to criticism, and accused them of being responsible for “all the troubles” of Muslims in Turkestan. Gasprinskii tried to reveal the essence of the state structures at work in Turkestan in the 19th century, through his literary hero Mulla ‘Abbas, and through the plots of his utopian and fantastic works. The pervasive ignorance and general lack of knowledge – were the principal causes for the subjugation of these states to a political and economic dependence on Russia. Gasprinskii, became the main analyst (among the Russian Muslims), to map out the political and economic situation of Turkestan at the end of the 19th century. He had shown the principal causes of political and economic dependence of Turkestan on Russia, thereby perpetuating a movement amongst the Muslims of Turkestan, which would thence; pave the way to a legal reform of the situation. “

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